पाठक्रमः → Level 3

विभक्तिप्रयोगः

Cases in Action

सप्त विभक्तयः व्यवहारेण — न तु कण्ठपाठेन।

All seven cases learnt through usage scenarios, not table recitation.

1. 1 ग्रामं गच्छामि
   Going places — the accusative of motion
2. 2 पुस्तकं पठामि
   What are you doing to what? — accusative objects
3. 3 हरिं स्मरामि, नदीं गच्छामि
   Accusative beyond -a words: हरि, गुरु, रमा, नदी
4. 4 केन खादसि? — हस्तेन!
   With what? — the instrumental case
5. 5 मित्रेण सह गच्छामि
   Together with — सह and विना
6. 6 येन गच्छामि — यानेन, मार्गेण
   By bus, by boat, by which road — instrumental of means
7. 7 बालकाय फलं ददामि
   Giving — the dative of the receiver
8. 8 पठनाय गच्छामि
   For the sake of — the dative of purpose
9. 9 गुरवे नमः
   Salutations — नमः and स्वस्ति with the dative
10. 10 वृक्षात् फलं पतति
    Falling from — the ablative of source
11. 11 कुतः आगच्छसि?
    Where are you coming from? — ablative of origin
12. 12 ज्ञानं धनात् श्रेष्ठम्
    Better than — the ablative of comparison
13. 13 एतत् कस्य पुस्तकम्?
    Whose is it? — the genitive of possession
14. 14 मम, तव, तस्य, तस्याः
    Mine, yours, his, hers — genitive pronouns
15. 15 गुरोः गृहम्, नद्याः जलम्
    Belonging everywhere — genitive of all noun types
16. 16 कुत्र अस्ति? — गृहे!
    Where things are — the locative of place
17. 17 प्रातःकाले उत्तिष्ठामि
    When? — the locative of time
18. 18 नद्यां मत्स्यः, गुरौ श्रद्धा
    Locative everywhere: नद्याम्, नौकायाम्, हरौ, गुरौ
19. 19 हे राम! भोः मित्र!
    Calling out — the vocative, plus सह-विना-नमः recap
20. 20 रामस्य दिनम् — सर्वाः विभक्तयः
    Rāma's day — all seven cases in one story