पाठक्रमः → Level 6 · प्रवाहः → पाठः 17
Level 6 · Lesson 17 हितोपदेशात् — कपोताः जालं च
Reading bridge I: the doves and the net (Hitopadeśa)
हितोपदेशस्य मित्रलाभात् सरलीकृता कथा — संहतिः कार्यसाधिका।
A simplified extract from the Hitopadeśa: unity is strength.
पठनम् · Read
कथा — चित्रग्रीवः कपोतराजः
In a forest, a fowler scattered rice grains on the ground and spread his net.
Just then Citragrīva, the king of doves, flying with his flock, saw those grains.
Greedy for the rice, all the doves alighted — and were caught in the net.
The doves panicked. But Citragrīva said, ‘No fear! I have a plan.’
‘Let us all fly up at the very same moment — net and all!’
And so it happened — together they rose into the sky, carrying the net. The astonished fowler stood below.
Then they flew to Hiraṇyaka, the mouse-king. That friend gnawed through the bonds of the net, and all went free.
विवरणम् · Explanation
इयं कथा हितोपदेशस्य ‘मित्रलाभ’-भागात् — सरलीकृता। मूलग्रन्थे दीर्घाणि वाक्यानि सुभाषितानि च सन्ति, कथासूत्रं तु इदम् एव। द्वौ उपदेशौ — १. लोभः बन्धनस्य कारणम्। २. संहत्या मित्रेण च महत् अपि सङ्कटं तीर्यते।
This is the opening tale of the Hitopadeśa's Mitralābha (‘Winning of Friends’), simplified for you — the original wraps this same plot in longer prose and many verses. Two teachings: greed is what springs the trap, and unity plus friendship overcomes even great danger. You have now read your first real Sanskrit classic in outline; the original awaits you after Arc B.
सुभाषितम् · Verse of the day
अल्पानामपि वस्तूनां संहतिः कार्यसाधिका। तृणैर्गुणत्वमापन्नैर्बध्यन्ते मत्तदन्तिनः॥
अर्थः — अल्पानाम् अपि वस्तूनां संहतिः कार्यं साधयति — गुणत्वं (रज्जुत्वम्) आपन्नैः तृणैः मत्ताः हस्तिनः अपि बध्यन्ते! (हितोपदेशः)
Even small things united accomplish the task: blades of grass, twisted into a rope, bind elephants in rut (Hitopadeśa — quoted within this very story). Each dove was weak; together they lifted the net.
शब्दाः · Vocabulary
| शब्दः | Meaning |
|---|---|
| कपोतः | dove |
| व्याधः | hunter, fowler |
| तण्डुलः | rice grain |
| जालम् | net |
| लोभः | greed |
| संहतिः | union, combination |
| मूषकः | mouse |
| बन्धनम् | bond, fastening |
अभ्यासः · Practice
वाक्यव्यवहारः · Use it
कथां चित्रग्रीवस्य मुखेन पुनः वदतु — “अहं सपरिवारः उड्डयन् आसम्…” इति उत्तमपुरुषेण। ततः व्याधस्य दृष्ट्या अपि एकं वाक्यद्वयं वदतु। एकस्याः एव कथायाः अनेकाः दृष्टयः — एषः कथकस्य अभ्यासः।
Retell the story in Citragrīva's own voice, first person: ‘I was flying with my flock…’. Then give two sentences from the fowler's point of view. One story, many viewpoints — the storyteller's essential exercise.