पाठक्रमः → Level 6 · प्रवाहः → पाठः 16
Level 6 · Lesson 16 श्रवणकथा — कालिदासस्य कथा
Listening story III: the legend of Kālidāsa
महाकवेः कालिदासस्य प्रसिद्धा दन्तकथा — श्रवणं प्रश्नाश्च।
The famous legend of how Kālidāsa became a poet — extended listening practice.
श्रवणम् · Listen
कथा — मूर्खात् महाकविः
Everyone knows Kālidāsa as the great poet of Sanskrit literature. About him there is a famous legend.
It is said that in his youth Kālidāsa was a great fool.
Once he sat on the branch of a tree and was cutting the very branch he sat on!
Seeing this, some cunning pandits contrived his marriage to a learned princess.
Learning the truth, the princess was furious and turned Kālidāsa out of the house.
Grief-stricken, Kālidāsa went to the temple of the goddess Kālī and worshipped her with utmost devotion.
By the goddess's grace, learning dawned on his tongue — and he became a great poet.
His works — the Śākuntala, the Meghadūta, the Raghuvaṃśa and more — delight the world to this day.
विवरणम् · Explanation
इयं दन्तकथा — इतिहासः न, तथापि सा एकं सत्यं वदति — परिश्रमेण श्रद्धया च जीवनस्य पूर्णं परिवर्तनं शक्यम्। भाषादृष्ट्या पश्यतु — “यस्यां शाखायाम् उपविष्टः आसीत् ताम् एव शाखाम्” इति यत्-तत्-योजना, “दृष्ट्वा, ज्ञात्वा, गत्वा” इति क्त्वान्तानां शृङ्खला च।
A दन्तकथा is a legend — not history, but it carries a truth: total transformation is possible. Linguistically, watch two things: the correlative pair यस्याम्… ताम् एव… (‘the very branch on which…’), the backbone of complex Sanskrit sentences; and the chain of absolutives दृष्ट्वा, ज्ञात्वा, गत्वा moving the plot along.
सुभाषितम् · Verse of the day
अमन्त्रमक्षरं नास्ति नास्ति मूलमनौषधम्। अयोग्यः पुरुषो नास्ति योजकस्तत्र दुर्लभः॥
अर्थः — मन्त्रहीनम् अक्षरं नास्ति, औषधहीनं मूलं नास्ति, अयोग्यः पुरुषः अपि नास्ति — किन्तु योजकः एव दुर्लभः।
There is no syllable that is not a mantra, no root that is not a medicine, no person without ability — what is rare is the connector who puts each in its right place. Kālidāsa the ‘fool’ only needed his connector; so does everyone you will ever call hopeless.
शब्दाः · Vocabulary
| शब्दः | Meaning |
|---|---|
| महाकविः | great poet |
| दन्तकथा | legend |
| शाखा | branch |
| धूर्तः | cunning person |
| विदुषी | learned woman |
| उपासितवान् | worshipped |
| अनुग्रहः | grace |
| रञ्जयति | delights |
अभ्यासः · Practice
वाक्यव्यवहारः · Use it
इमां कथां चतुर्भिः एव वाक्यैः संक्षिप्य वदतु — आरम्भः, समस्या, परिवर्तनं, फलम् इति। ततः स्वजीवनस्य एकं ‘परिवर्तनवृत्तम्’ वदतु — “पूर्वम् अहं … न जानामि स्म, ततः …, इदानीं …” इति।
Compress the legend into exactly four sentences: opening, problem, turning point, result — the skeleton of all storytelling. Then tell one transformation story of your own: ‘Earlier I couldn't…, then…, and now…’.